4 treatments by a trichologist who will tell all about your hair

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Many of us ask ourselves how to prepare for the first visit to the trichological office. To wash your hair or not? Do you use your favorite styling tool? Take with you any research results? Or maybe our favorite shampoo? On how to prepare for visiting tricholg in the office Medderma.com.ua, so that it was fruitful, you will learn in our article.

To start. Do not wash your hair at least 24 hours before the visit. This will allow the trichologist to investigate the level of the sebaceous glands and assess the degree of keratinization of the epidermis. It is important not to use any foam products, varnishes, pastes or gels that can get on the scalp. Hair should not be immediately after dyeing, especially in the case of dark colors. It is recommended to wait a few weeks. Prepare for a trichological interview by answering two basic questions: what problem do you address and how long does it take. It is worth having a new blood test. It is important, however, that it be made no more than six months ago.

The trichologist, after a detailed interview, will recommend additional tests. To prepare in advance, it is worth examining the levels of TSH, FT3, FT4, ATPO and ATG, the level of ferritin, vitamins D3, B12, zinc and CRH or CRP. Women can be asked to perform sex hormonal tests: testosterone, androstenedione, prolactin, estradiol and progesterone. Prepare a list of medications you are taking. Tell about all chronic diseases and health problems. Remember whether you recently had a general or local anesthesia, and if you used antibiotics. The trichologist may also ask a question about the regularity of your menstrual cycles and the use of hormonal contraception.

You will also be asked about home care. Write down the names of the products that you use, for example, you can provide information about the composition of products, especially shampoo, which you wash your hair. Tell us about all the procedures that you have used so far. Also think about how to answer the question about diet. Are your meals regular? Do you have fresh fruits and vegetables in your diet? Do you supply the body with the right amount of water? Do you use any dietary supplements? How often do you consume foods that are highly processed or fast food?

The last question you can prepare is a question about your lifestyle. It contains information about the amount of sleep, smoking and stress levels. Depending on the problem that you are addressing, the trichologist will ask you in more detail about these issues. Therefore, prepare for the visit by thinking briefly about the above issues, and this will certainly help you find the root cause of the problem. Trichological therapy will be meaningful only if we try to eliminate all internal factors that contribute to the deterioration of the hair.

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Trichoscopy

The procedure with a terrible name is in fact absolutely harmless, but very informative. In just forty minutes, specialists will use a video camera to photograph parts of your skin and mark dots, like on an ultrasound, some parts of the skin. It does not hurt at all!

For what:
· To find out how many live and fallen follicles,
· Determine the percentage of hair in the growth and resting stages,
· Identify increased hair loss, if any, and determine its cause,
· Determine the type of scalp, its fat content,
· Find out the thickness of the hair shaft and the size of the follicle.

Procedures at the trichologist: Phytotrichogram

A technique based on microscopic examination of the hair roots. To carry out this procedure, you will have to sacrifice a small section of hair (do not be afraid, no one will notice). In areas of approximately 1 square millimeter, hair is shaved off, after several days these areas are dyed and scanned with a special device (trichoscan).

What are these torments for?
· To find out the density, thickness, length of the hair,
· Determine the rate of hair growth,
· Find out the percentage of downy, source or diseased hair,
· Determine how many empty follicles are on the head,
· Ensure that there is no risk of developing alopecia or prescribe treatment if necessary.

Spectral analysis

The beauty of your hair depends on the state of the body. If there is not enough microelement, you immediately notice how your hair begins to dull, break, and, even worse, fall out. In order to determine which trace element is missing your hair, and there is a spectral analysis. Hair can accumulate and store all the information about mineral metabolism, so by examining them, you can understand which minerals are in short supply and which are in abundance. For this procedure, you also have to sacrifice a few strands of hair from the neck.

When should I go to the doctor?

But you do not need to run, headlong, to the reception if there are several hairs on the comb after application. If the strands fall out in a small volume, then there is nothing terrible in it - this is a natural process. Weakened and “old” hairs give place to new ones.

And if an abundant loss of curls density begins, then this is a reason to get worried and start searching for causes. This problem often indicates a malfunction in the body. What processes have affected this, the trichologist will be able to say.

How to determine if they fall out strongly?

In order to understand whether hair falls out strongly or not, a simple test should be carried out. For this you need to carefully examine their hairs. In particular, their roots. If they do not have dark bags, then everything is within the normal range. If the roots of the hair that has fallen out are dark, then this indicates the development of baldness! There is another test to determine the intensity of loss.

To hold it, you need not to wash your hair for 3 days, and then gently pull a bunch of hair at the crown and temples. If after each time you have more than 5 hairs in your hand, then you can talk about pathological hair loss. The third method is the most difficult.

Normally, a person has up to 150 hairs per day. You can collect all that fall out when washing, combing, etc. per day and recount. But it is too laborious.

What examinations does a specialist conduct?

The visit begins with the examination of the doctor, he receives information about the condition of the scalp and hair of the patient. A survey of the patient makes it possible to draw conclusions and many factors that are necessary for the appointment of tests, diagnosis. So, the doctor asks such questions:

is there a risk of hereditary fallout
what diseases have been lately
whether there was a strong overstrain, stress,
what do you eat
hair care features.

Next is the examination of the patient: the doctor will evaluate the condition of the skin, nails, hair. To compile an objective picture, you should not wash your hair at least a day before visiting a doctor; it is important not to use hairspray. Trichoscopy is also performed.

Such an examination includes the diagnosis of hair and skin by using a special device. Other research methods are selected individually.

To study the entire body, the doctor prescribes a detailed biochemical blood test. If there are abnormalities, the pathology can cause hair loss. To test the immunity assigned immunogram that determines the state of the system.

In addition, you need to test for allergies, especially if the loss is accompanied by itching. It is important to make and ultrasound of the thyroid gland to exclude its pathology. The doctor may refer to the endocrinologist, in order to eliminate the hormonal causes of loss.

The most commonly prescribed analysis for such hormones:

TTG, T4 and T3,
FSH,
prolactin
free testosterone,
progesterone,
DGEA-S,
LH.

A visit to a specialist allows you to identify the exact cause of hair loss. After a detailed diagnosis, the doctor selects an adequate treatment. These may include drugs, vitamin complexes, masks, serums, physiotherapy.

Often the trichologist assigns effective hardware procedures. They are held in specialized centers. The following are among the most effective:

Vacuum massage of the scalp. It is based on the "training" of hair follicles, improves blood microcirculation in the scalp.
Microcurrent therapy. Electric shock is applied to the scalp and hair roots, which stimulates the work of the follicles and activates blood flow, and hence the nutrition of the roots.
Electrophoresis. By applying a current to the hair roots and in the deeper layers of the scalp, beneficial substances from drugs are delivered.
Laser therapy. An effective tool becomes such a course. It is based on treating the roots with a cold laser.
Mesotherapy. These are microneedles of special drugs in the scalp. They help activate the production of collagen, elastin, keratin, stop the loss, activate hair growth, awaken the follicles.
Darsonvalization. By applying this method, microcurrent impulse causes vasospasm, stimulates blood flow to the hair roots and improves their nutrition.
Cryotherapy. Here is the impact of liquid nitrogen at a temperature of -150. So skin cells are saturated with oxygen, blood circulation improves, dormant follicles awaken, hair structure improves.

The advantages of all these procedures are obvious:

they give a lasting effect
possibility of combining with other methods
the possibility of holding almost any age
no side effects.

There are also disadvantages:

high price,
the presence of contraindications. Most often it is a cancer in history and in the active phase, pregnancy.

For the treatment of trichologists can prescribe various means. These include sprays, balsams, masks, lotions, serums, ampoules, vitamin preparations, hormonal preparations, and drug complexes.

Among the vitamin complexes worth to highlight:

Homemade recipes are also often prescribed for complex treatment of prolapse. This should include warming masks, as well as tools with the use of oils. Masks, sprays and shampoos - one more helpers in the fight against hair loss. Experts recommend the line from "Aleran", "Fitoval", "Generolon", etc.

All funds have pros and cons. There are no perfect options. Cosmetics, medicines and vitamins are not always possible to use for certain diseases.but their effectiveness is quite high and the effect is noticeable after a few weeks.

And home remedies do not have contraindications, except for an allergy to the components, but the effect of them will be noticeable after at least a month of use.

General recommendations

Proper and balanced diet. For hair, there is nothing worse than illness, diet and stress. But it is the wrong diet that is the main cause of their loss.
Choosing the right comb. Yes, it can be the cause of loss, because when combing irritated nerve cells of the skin on the head, improves blood flow. If the comb is not suitable, then the roots are injured, which causes loss.
Proper combing. For combing short hair more suitable comb. Hair combed from the roots to the tips. Long hair should be combed, starting from the tips.
Proper shampooing. You should wash your hair as it gets dirty - every day or once a week depends on the characteristics of the curls. During the procedure, you should gently massage the scalp, do not rub the hair.
The use of therapeutic care products.
Massage the scalp. For holding you need a brush with natural bristles or fingertips with the application of coriander oil, bay, tea tree, rosemary.
Limit thermal effects.
Maintain a healthy lifestyle, the rejection of bad habits.

Prevention

Trichologists for the prevention of the occurrence of hair loss problems are advised:

strengthen and heal hair,
comb and reduce the use of hair dryers, ployk, irons,
eat right, eat foods rich in vitamins A, C, B, E, PP,
stop smoking and alcohol abuse
do sport,
observe the regime of the day.

A course of treatment

The minimum course of application of any method is 30 days. Sometimes treatment can take 6-12 months, especially if the cause of the loss is a malfunction in the body. An effective tool is selected in each case individually. Among the most effective: physiotherapy, medical complexes, home masks.

Do supplements improve hair quality?

Suppose that dietary supplements on the orders of the Ministry of Health do not belong to the category of therapeutic agents, they can actually fill in the missing substances of the body and improve the quality of hair. Choosing dietary supplements, look at their composition and the results of their analyzes. It always seems to us that the body lacks the mass of nutrients. In fact, some components you may have abound. That is, if according to analyzes you have elevated levels of selenium, you do not need to drink it additionally. So with the other components.

I advise complex drugs to improve the quality of hair, which contain sulfur-containing amino acids - methionine, cystine. These are important components of keratin. You also need vitamins of group B, C and E, zinc, copper, Omega 3 (the latter is prescribed for alopecia as an anti-inflammatory agent). Separately, drinking complex vitamin and mineral supplements is not always effective, because some of them may be antagonists: for example, zinc and copper in the complex do not work.

Can I drink dietary supplements constantly?

I am for targeted help to the body, and not for the uncontrolled use of dietary supplements. Take at least vitamin A: it is certainly useful (what exactly we told here - approx. Ed.), But its overdose worsens the condition of the hair and can cause loss. An exception is vitamin D. It can be drunk all year round, especially in those regions where there is not enough sunlight. Based on the results of the analysis of my patients, everyone needs vitamin D. It is regularly allowed to take Omega 3 if there are no other suppliers of fatty acids in your diet.

Does nicotinic acid actually help grow hair?

With uncomplicated alopecia, when the hair falls out after anesthesia or childbirth, it will work. Nicotinic acid expands peripheral blood vessels, increases blood flow, thereby increasing hair growth. In more serious cases, nicotinic acid does not help, you need a comprehensive treatment. Although nicotinic acid is a part of many stimulating lotions, it improves their action by increasing blood flow: the active components are more easily delivered to the hair follicle.

How does the use of oils affect hair quality?

I recommend using not pure oils, but factory emulsions based on them - they work better. I advise macadamia, shi, avocado, jojoba, emu oil. Important: the oils themselves do not moisturize the hair, they form a lipid film that retains moisture in the hair structure. It is arranged in this way: between the cells of the cuticle and the cortical layer are lipids (fats). There are not many of them, but this “fatty impregnation” is very important. Fats have properties to wash out, which is why hair weakens. I recommend doing this care 1-2 times a week.

The oils compensate for the lack of lipids, because they contain phospholipids and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E). They can be applied to the hair shaft along the length and on the tips.

On the scalp - I do not advise.If it is already oily, an additional lipid film may form, which can lead to blockage of the opening of the hair follicle. All oils (vegetable and mineral) clog pores. And extra fat is a great environment for the development of bacteria.

How to solve the problem of split ends without scissors?

The ends may have different degrees of damage. If apparently the problem is not so noticeable, for the sake of further growth, you can try to save the hair. To do this, use the same oils, reducing emulsions with amino acids, ceramides, protein hydrolyzate. Another option is an indelible silicone-based product that seals cuticle scales. This is a temporary effect, but it has a plus: further hair will not be damaged.

Is it possible and necessary to apply liquid vitamins on the tips?

A mixture of vitamins A and E are often advised to apply to the scalp. But there is no evidence base on how this works. Of course, it will not be worse, but you will not see any tangible effect when applied to the tips. Vitamin A itself will not do anything with the structure of the hair; an oily base works here: it seals the hair and fills the lipid balance. But with the same success it can do and oil.

Do I need to wash my hair with shampoo twice?

It is necessary, if you use sulfate-free products. Due to the lack of sulfates, they foam poorly. Therefore, after the first time you do not clean the scalp, especially if it is prone to fat. Pollution will only accumulate. If you use regular shampoo, and the hair after it is light and voluminous, you do not need to wash it twice.

Is it possible to stop hair loss after giving birth?

During pregnancy, hormones change, the phase of hair growth is artificially prolonged: those hairs that were supposed to fall out remain on the head.

After childbirth, everything returns to its former course: the hair begins to move into a resting phase and fall out. Sometimes it's a really scary sight, but there's nothing wrong with that. This is the physiological norm.

As a rule, the loss begins three months after childbirth and stops a few months later. You can stimulate their growth with the same nicotinic acid.

If the hair falls out more than a year, you need to contact a specialist.

Does burdock oil help hair growth after childbirth?

There are many legends around him. Usually, after childbirth, the hair is restored in a natural way, but before that the girls begin to rub everything that comes to hand to the head. When the hair grows back, they think that miracle oil has helped. Not really. What is sold in pharmacies for $ 100, does not contain anything super-effective in the composition. The basis of the oil - cheap vegetable base. If burdock oil solved all the issues, trichology would not exist. And even more so it does not help with serious alopecia.

Can hair become thicker after mesotherapy?

If the hair has never been thick, mesotherapy will not make it thicker. This is genetically determined. If before the hair grew well, but now it does not, then stimulation in the form of mesotherapy can help. It works where there is potential for growth.

But you need to decide with your doctor what will be more effective for you: mesotherapy helps someone, plasma therapy and other procedures help someone.

What salon procedures really improve the quality of hair?

It is clear that lamination and keratin straightening give only a visual effect, but there are procedures that work to improve the quality of hair. The same “Absolute happiness for hair”, which does not require the use of a hair dryer.

I like L’anza keratin prosthetics.

As part of the means on the basis of which these procedures are done, there are ceramides, protein hydrolyzate, oils and a small amount of silicone. This is a working composition that really improves the hair structure. In other cases, the word "keratin" in the name of the procedure is used for marketing purposes, and hair spoils from heating by the styler. Therefore, choosing a procedure, ask the master the real composition of the funds.

Do homemade masks help stimulate hair growth?

I take calmly to the means that do not bring harm: kefir, eggs, honey (in the absence of allergy). They can have a positive effect on the scalp (with proper selection), but they will not affect hair growth!

Anything that can disrupt the balance of the lipid barrier, dry the dermis, making it vulnerable to bacterial agents, is prohibited to apply: mustard, red pepper, alcohol tinctures. Home masks can be dangerous, and before using them it is better to consult a specialist.

Does shampoo affect hair growth, and how to choose it?

The function of the shampoo - cleansing from excess sebum, styling residues, dust and other contaminants. In the composition - surfactants that remove them from the skin.

If the packaging says "stimulates hair growth," do not expect miracles - shampoo will not do that. The only factor that needs to be considered when selecting cleansers is: the type of scalp.

The concentration of detergent ingredients depends on it. Improperly selected shampoo is the cause of dryness and dandruff.

How to prevent aging hair?

Aging hair is inevitable! But with proper care, the process can be “postponed” indefinitely. Use good makeup with a maximum content of moisturizing ingredients. Shampoo pick up on the type of scalp - it is only a cleaner, and it does not help the nutrition of hair follicles. Do not use cheap dye - often it is poor-quality paints that lead to dryness and premature aging. Prefer non-samochny based on oils. To delay the appearance of gray hair helps mesotherapy. Melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) can be stimulated. But to understand what they lack for normal operation, it is possible only after examining the hair for mineral composition. Oils - a mandatory component of "anti-aging" hair care. My favorite is Huile de Baobab.

How long do I need to keep the mask on the hair?

A good mask of at least 60% should consist of hydrated keratin. Important: keep it on hair for 10 minutes or longer. Ideal - leave the mask for the night. If the hair gets dirty quickly, retreat from the roots of 1-1.5 cm. Only during this time positively charged (cationic) proteins penetrate into the structure of the strands, which, unlike silicones, really remove the "gaps" in the keratin fibers of the hair.

What should be a part of moisturizing hair?

The reason for the "dehydration" of hair - breaks the links between keratinocytes. Because of this, the hair looks dry and porous.

As part of moisturizers, look for glycerin, aloe (binds water thanks to a complex polysaccharide), sugars, panthenol, inositol, hyaluronic acid (one molecule of hyaluronic acid can hold 200 - 500 water molecules), natural amino acids, Sodium PCA (moisture retaining agent).

Important: sprays will not replace masks and conditioners, but they are good for extra moisture. Apply the spray to clean, wet or dry hair at a distance of 20 cm. If the hair is thin, apply the spray first on the palms and then on the strands.

The most progressive components in the composition of hair products that really work?

The hair consists of two parts: keratinized (hair shaft) and live (onion). For keratinous tissue, conditioning components are important: polymers, silicones (about harmless variants I will tell further), oils. For the bulb, however, components that are applied directly to the skin are ideal. For example, caffeine, methyl nicotinate, biotin. They improve microcirculation, and the bulb receives the necessary nutrition.

What silicones do not spoil the hair?

Silicones are divided into three groups: the first is difficult to wash (shampoos need deep cleaning), the second is not washed off with water, but is easily removed with ordinary shampoos for daily use, and the third, harmless, are easily washed off and do not accumulate (suitable for thin hair). These include Hydroxyethylcellulose, PEG-12 Dimethicone (water soluble, low molecular weight), Amodimethicone, Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride.

Vitamins in the composition of the masks can improve the condition of the hair?

The hair shaft is a horny tissue. If you put a mask on the length, vitamins will not help them. If the mask, lotion, serum applied to the scalp, it will work. In this case, look for niacinamide (B3), biotin (H or B7), vitamin E, methyl nicotinate (a derivative of vitamin PP), etc.

How does hydrolyzed protein work with hair products?

85-90% of the total mass of hair is keratin. It in turn consists of amino acids. Hydrolyzed protein in hair cosmetics are amino acids that seal voids in damaged areas. As part of some funds you can see the inscription Hydrolyzed Silk (hydrolyzed silk). It consists of 97% of proteins, its function - sealing and smoothing the hair.

Is it true that daily shampooing hurts hair?

Washing your hair every day can cause dry scalp, hence this opinion. But if you have thin hair, then they quickly lose volume and washing is necessary. Another option - the scalp is prone to fat. It is more susceptible to the rapid development of microorganisms on its surface, which can cause itching and discomfort - washing is necessary here.

Does the “hair density” label really affect their quality?

There are shampoos and conditioners that make hair bulky and thick due to good absorption, “loosening”, cleansing. Shampoos wash out the lipid film, and conditioners remove the statics and make the hair elastic - it turns out such a natural styling, as if you just woke up. So work, for example, means Oribe.

Other shampoos and conditioners contain copolymer compounds, bioproteins. They are layered on the surface of the hair and create the effect of thick "plasticine" strands. Kevin Murphy has a series of Plumping, which contains Biotin-Tripeptide-1. Previously, this component was added to preparations for glaucoma. Doctors noticed that after using it, the eyelashes grow well and become more dense. So biotinyl tripeptide-1 got into the means for the growth of eyelashes, mascara, shampoos and conditioners, because it really tightens the hair.

Usually in a pair of this component works vitamin to accelerate hair growth. For example, biotin (vitamin H).

Does violet shampoo for blondes affect hair quality?

The main objective of the artificial purple pigment - to consolidate and neutralize unwanted background clarification. In shampoos for blondes two colors can be used: violet or blue.

Blue - dries your hair more and sometimes can give a not very beautiful shade.

Violet shampoos are softer, they have a red pigment, so they have a more neutral color rendition. Previously, these shampoos were tough, now all manufacturers add moisturizing ingredients that make hair more elastic.

What determines the speed of hair growth?

The growth rate of hair does not depend on how often you go to your hairdresser. Of course, it is necessary and even useful to stimulate this process (massage, monitor the scalp, improve circulation, drink vitamins), but hair growth depends on the body's internal resources, genes, nutrition, lifestyle. The only piece of advice from me is like a stylist: for girls with long hair, I advise you to cut your hair every two months so that they look neat.

How to choose a shampoo and a mask that will not weight the hair?

In Russia, many girls have been using the same shampoo for a long time, thinking that they have found “Him”! Over time, the hair gets used, the components are layered and you get the effect of weighting. I advise you to have two shampoos with different tasks (for example, moisturizing / compaction or moisturizing / reconstruction).

If the hair looks "heavy", use a deep cleaning shampoo. Once a week they can safely wash their hair.

How can girls with thin porous hair use salt and sugar sprays?

Salt sprays, of course, dry hair. Apply indelible conditioner first, and then use a spray.

Sugar products are safer, they do not dry hair, but they are less active and do not give rigid fixation.

After using such tools, immediately go to the shower (do not try to comb your hair), or even better, first use pre-shampoos or pre-masks, then wash your hair with shampoo and fix the result with air conditioning.

Why does hair get tangled after using organic products?

Those who are just beginning to use organic and natural shampoos often complain: the hair can not be combed - they are strayed at the ends and at the roots. Calm everyone: it will pass. Someone in two weeks, someone in a month.

The reason for confusion is the washing out of synthetics that clog hair. Organic actively removes all silicones and other additives that provide smoothness and elasticity. After several uses, you see hair as it really is — fluffy, with a cuticle sticking out in different directions. Here, many have a question: to continue to use and endure, or again to become a "silicone addict." Organic and natural cosmetics does not give an instant effect.

Is it true that high-quality organics are always expensive?

Constantly I hear: "Raw materials for organic can not be cheap." In part this is so. To get 5 ml of rose oil, you need to recycle 150 kg of rose petals. By the way, rose oil for hair is absolutely useless, but it is gorgeous for the face - it perfectly moisturizes, nourishes and protects. But not all organic components are mined so difficult. Orange essential oil, for example, is produced easily and at a budget (the “price” of the issue is 10 kg of oranges).

Research and analysis of the mineral composition of hair

A hair has a tendency to accumulate in itself many substances from both the inside and the outside. Therefore, it is more truthful and shows in more detail the mineral component of the body. To identify the lack or excess of macro-and microelements of the body contributes to the spectral analysis of hair. Diagnosis will allow to identify many diseases or predisposition to them in the early stages, as well as to detail the characteristics of the body.

The results of the study reveal the quality of human nutrition, the impact of bad habits and habitat. Also disclosed the secrets of all body systems, the influence of professional activity.

Advantages of the procedure: based on the reviews of trichologists

no damage to the skin
no infectious agents can enter the human body,
high-quality information content of the material
there is no need for a rehabilitation period,
high inspection capabilities.

The imbalance of elements found after the diagnosis of hair makes it possible to predict and recognize the following:

diabetes,
diseases of the skin, nails and hair,
atherosclerosis,
the threat of immunodeficiency
endocrine system diseases
dysbacteriosis,
allergies and many other abnormalities.

The process of carrying out a spectral procedure for studying curls on microelements

In order for the hair analysis to give reliable results, it is necessary to pass the material correctly. For the procedure, several strands are trimmed at the root in different places in the occipital zone. For the study, a beam is taken up to 1–1.5 cm wide and up to 5 cm long from the root, the tips are ejected. Too short hair cut a volume with a teaspoon.

At the time of the procedure, the hair should be without styling products and washed with regular shampoo, not curative. Hairdressing manipulations (dyeing, perm, lamination, etc.) should take place a month before the examination. In the case of the absence of hair on the head, vegetation with a chest or underarms will fit for diagnosis.

Spectral analysis of hair for microelements is difficult in technical implementation, therefore, it takes two weeks to get its results. As a result, a mineralogram is compiled, reflecting a complex of macro- and microelements with their normative indicators.

With a slight deviation of indicators from the norm, experts make recommendations in terms of nutrition and select a complex of necessary mineral preparations or dietary supplements. With strong changes, the patient needs to consult a specialized specialist (immunologist, cardiologist, allergist).

After treatment, re-diagnosis is carried out after 10 months.

Diagnosis in trichology - stages

The effectiveness of treatment for any disease depends primarily on timely and complete diagnosis. High-quality diagnostics is also important, where not only the experience of the doctor is important, but also the availability of modern diagnostic methods. So, what awaits the patient when he turns to the trichologist?

It should immediately be said that in the West practical trichology has been developing for many decades, but for us this is a rather new science. In America and Europe there are several specializations of trichology, we have not yet grown to this. Among other things, in the western trichological centers there are necessarily special hairdressing salons where trichologists-consultants work. They practically show how with the help of hairstyle and available means it is possible to visually increase the volume of hair, to mask out their thinning, in the extreme case - to choose the right lining of hair by color and texture. Thus, diagnostics in trichology and treatment are closely related to proper hair care.

A trichologist should not only monitor the current trends in the development of his science, he must constantly become acquainted with new methods of diagnosis and treatment. Mandatory conditions - the trichologist should be well versed in the fields of medicine related to dermatology. First of all, in therapy, endocrinology, psychotherapy, neurology, etc.

Methods of trichological diagnosis

All diagnostic methods in trichology are divided into:

Research.
Intended for practice.
Specialized.
Non-specialized.

By the way they are conducted in relation to the patient, diagnostic methods are divided into:

Invasive (skin sampling).
Non-invasive (without compromising the integrity of the skin and pulling hairs).
Semi-invasive (pulling hairs).

Invasive are all diagnostic methods that provide information about the state of human health. This ultrasound, laboratory tests, etc. Any of these methods may be appointed by the trichologist as additional. They can reveal, for example, anemia, deficiency of vitamins or microelements, pathology of the thyroid gland or hormonal imbalance. These and similar factors can be the main causes of hair loss, or they can seriously aggravate other problems.

Specialized methods

These include specific methods such as:

The use of computer programs that analyze the thickness, density of hair, concentration of hair follicles per unit area, etc.
Review photos.
Trichoscopy
Trichogram.
Biopsy.
Contrast photo trichogram.

The most frequently used in daily practice of trichologists are the methods of trichoscopy, overview photographs and photo trichograms. No trichoological study is complete without trichoscopy. This method is non-invasive, it became widely used in the beginning of the 21st century. It is carried out using a manual dermatoscope or more modern way of video-dermatoscopy of hair and scalp. This method is very simple and convenient (due to non-invasiveness), while it is quite informative and allows you to immediately put a lot of diagnoses. Trichoscopy is divided into:

Immersion when a special liquid is applied.
Dry - examination without fluid.

Dry trichoscopy reveals problems such as seborrhea, desquamation, perifollicular hyperkeratosis, etc. Immersion allows you to examine the skin and blood vessels and diagnose more rare diseases. Trichoscopy allows differential diagnosis of different types of alopecia.

According to the results of the examination, the doctor and the patient receive a trichogram, which exactly defines:

Type of skin on the head.
The general condition of the hair follicles.
Condition of hair shafts.
The amount and percentage of normal hair.
The number and percentage of thinned hair.
The number and percentage of prone to hair loss.
Type of alopecia, if any.
Other options.
If you want to increase hair, then these technologies will help you.

For trichoscopes, lenses with varying degrees of magnification are used, from 10x to 1000x, but the most practical lenses are with 20-70x magnification. Thanks to this method, it is possible to study the condition of hair shafts, exits of hair follicles and skin vessels, the condition of the epidermis, the presence of scars on the skin. This method is in principle sufficient for the diagnosis of psoriasis and seborrhea. Detection of structural abnormalities in hairs makes it possible to identify genetic hair diseases.

Also, this method allows you to identify the presence of too thin and too short hair. With its help, so-called black, red and yellow dots are found in the mouths of hair follicles, which are characteristic of completely different diseases.

The assessment of the state and appearance of the vessels is also very informative. For example, the detection of twisted vascular loops is a sign of psoriasis, the strongly branching vessels localized inside the yellow dots are a sign of lupus erythematosus. If trichoscopy revealed uneven pigmentation of the skin, the so-called "honeycomb", then the cause of problems with hair is excessive insolation. Also due to a number of external signs hair loss due to hormonal failure is diagnosed.

The method of trichoscopy is basically sufficient for the diagnosis of deprived of hair. Recently, a trichoscope with an ultraviolet irradiator was used, which makes it possible to immediately identify ringworm on the scalp, that is, problems caused by microscopic fungi.

Despite the huge number of advantages, trichoscopy has limitations, and doctors trichologists have no right to make a final diagnosis only according to trichoscopy. Moreover, the picture after such a survey is not always unambiguous. To look inside the hair follicles, it is often necessary to prescribe a biopsy. This is a highly specialized method, it can only be performed by highly qualified specialists - histologists, and patient's skin samples are taken for examination.

Phototrichogram method

Refers to non-invasive research. It is standard and contrast when using computer programs. This method is widely available and very accurate. In addition to the diagnostic value, it allows you to track the dynamics of treatment, the cyclical nature and correctness of hair growth, accurately measures various parameters of the hair coat. These diagnostic devices are increasingly found in good hairdressing salons, and not only in cosmetic clinics.

Algorithm of examination by trichologist

First stage. Consultation is being held, anamnesis is being collected and an inspection is being done, i.e. primary trichoscopy. Based on the results, it is decided whether it is necessary to conduct additional surveys and whether consultations of other specialists are needed.
Second phase. A phototrichogram is made to clarify or final diagnosis, or as a control of the effectiveness of treatment. A preliminary diagnosis is made.
The third stage. Upon receipt of the results of all studies, a secondary consultation is conducted, a final diagnosis is made and a treatment plan is developed.

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Examination by a trichologist may show the absence of any diseases. And it may turn out that the problem with hair is not caused by a disease, but by elementary improper care of them. This occurs very often, which is why the correct diagnosis and hair care are inseparable. And after consulting a trichologist, in any case, you will receive valuable advice on the proper care of your hair type, whether you have a pathology or not. And only for this it is necessary to visit the trichologist at least once!